A roof specifically designed to sit as flat as possible, typically having a pitch of no more than 15 degrees. A flat roof usually has the following components: 1. Waterproofing, 2. Insulation, 3. Vapour Barrier, 4. Substrate or sheathing (the surface that the roof is laid on), 5. Joists, and 6. Plasterboard ceiling. These are usually covered over with roofing felt, glass reinforced plastic (GRP), a rubberised membrane or lead but other coverings are available. Flat roofs have a much shorter lifespan than their pitched counterparts and can fail without warning.